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January 2022

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a cleft sentence beginning with ‘It has been’

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Hello, everyone, “ It has often been the very creations intended to save time that have been most responsible for increasing the workload . Recent research indicates that farm wives in the 1920s, who were without electricity, spent significantly less time on housework than did suburban women, with all their modern machinery, in the latter half of the century. ...” * source;...Read More...
deepcosmos
Hi, Gustavo, your explanation is always giving me a chance to learn much. And will keep the usage of "following" in mind.Read More...
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New2 replies

meaning

0 likes · 80 views
What does <negative> mean in the context? I understand the whole, but do not understand the part. For many people — including many scientists — ' nature' is defined by a negative: it exists where people do not. Nature lies outside the urban and agricultural realms, in regions of Earth where natural processes are unimpeded. Nature is where fallen logs rot and acorns grow, wildfires turn woodlands into meadows, and barrier islands shift with the currents — all without human interference.Read More...
GBLSU
I see, thank you.Read More...
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turned/turned to red

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Hello everyone. My tomatoes were green a few days ago but they're red now. Would I say that my tomatoes turned red or turned to red ? I believe that it should be the former. But I'm curious to know whether turned to red would also be acceptable. Thank you for your kind help.Read More...
gilbert
Hi, David. Your brief explanation is just so awesome. It has totally answered my question! It hadn't crossed my mind to think of red functioning as an adjective in turned red and as a noun in turned to red . Thank you so much, Sir!Read More...
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had, have, was (several years)

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May I know which one is appropriate? (1) Outcome Based Education had been implemented in nursing education for several years. (2) Outcome Based Education have been implemented in nursing education for several years. (3) Outcome Based Education was implemented in nursing education for several years.Read More...
joshua
ThanksRead More...
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Tag questoin

0 likes · 57 views
What you will be able to do at the end of the course depends on how much time you spend on doing your assignments, ...... ? Won't you Don't you Doesn't it Won't it Quys , do you know the answer ?Read More...
David, Moderator
Hello, Asma, and welcome to the Grammar Exchange. Ahmed is right that the answer is "doesn't it?" You can see this clearly by simplifying the sentence. We can substitute "this" for the clause "what you will be able to do at the end of the course" and "that" for the clause "how much time you spend on doing your assignments." This gives us: This depends on that, doesn't it?Read More...
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New1 reply

parse

0 likes · 55 views
Having all the comforts that life has to offer can make us ungrateful. (source) Can you parse the sentence? Is <has to> the same as in <She has to go there> ? Whose object is <comforts>? <has> or <offer>?Read More...
Gustavo, Co-Moderator
Hi, GBLSU, "Has to" is not a semi-modal above, unless we go for the absurd interpretation that life needs to offer or is compelled to offer comforts ("life" is an inanimate noun to which we cannot assign needs or obligations). The sentence comes from: - Life has comforts to offer . where "to offer" (equivalent to "available") complementizes "comforts." I think there are two possible parsings: 1) We have a split infinitival complement to fix this terrible sentence: ?? Having all the comforts...Read More...
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Last Reply By Gustavo, Co-Moderator · First Unread Post
New0 replies

bought at/from the market

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Hi, Everyone. Which of the two sentences below is correct or is more natural to a native speaker? A) She bought ten apples at the market. B) She bought ten apples from the market. Thank you for your help.Read More...
Posted
New4 replies

that

0 likes · 87 views
Many decades later, McClintock said, “When you suddenly see the problem, something happens that you have the answer — before you are able to put it into words. It is all done subconsciously. (source) Can I see <that> as <where> or <when>?Read More...
GBLSU
Thank you for the paraphrasing.Read More...
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redundant

0 likes · 77 views
Fittingly so, sometimes true genius simply cannot be put into words. (source) What does <Fittingly so> mean, not <fittingly>? Are those different?Read More...
GBLSU
Thank you. It seems like this expression is used for <confirmation>. Then, Is there any other expression in place of it?Read More...
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consulting X consultancy

0 likes · 81 views
Hello! I’ve already read about the difference between “consulting” and “consultancy”, but it’s still confusing to me. So I’d like to ask if you could clear them up to me. Does “consulting” refer to the service offered by a “consultancy” firm/ company? I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Regards, JARead More...
Gustavo, Co-Moderator
Hi, JessyA, Although "consultancy" is correct, I mostly see "consulting" both to refer to the company and the services it renders: consulting firm, consulting services. According to ngram viewer:Read More...
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Last Reply By Gustavo, Co-Moderator · First Unread Post
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Lodge to or lodge with

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Should I use the "to" or "with" in the below sentence? e.g. Once I receive your signed copies, I will lodge your application to or with the Immigration Office. A brief reasoning is greatly appreciated.Read More...
Gustavo, Co-Moderator
Hi, Tony, "Lodge," as well as its synonym "file," is used with "with" when it means "submit." You submit an application to an office, but you lodge or file an application with an office. It's merely an idiomatic usage.Read More...
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Last Reply By Gustavo, Co-Moderator · First Unread Post
New2 replies

Layered coordination

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Greetings, 1. He was middle-aged, of sallow complexion and had penetrating blue eyes. (From The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language p.1335) The book says the bold part is a coordination of three coordinates, and "cannot be described directly in terms of the structures outlined in §1" (where it says "Coordination is a relation between two or more elements of syntactically equal status, the coordinates; they are usually linked by means of a coordinator such as and or or"), which means...Read More...
Robby zhu
There is asydetic coordination, as well as syndetic coordination: But I think you are spot on. This kind of coordination is rare and defective. That's why "middle-aged, of sallow complexion, " is not deemed as a layer of coordination. Thank you, Gustavo.Read More...
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sell well

0 likes · 62 views
Hi for all 1- Furniture sells well in this town. 2- Furniture is sold well in this town. I think both sentences are structurally right with a difference in meaning. Am I right? Thanks in advance.Read More...
Gustavo, Co-Moderator
Hi, Ahmed, Yes. (1) is merely more idiomatic to say that the sale of furniture is a success. In sentence (2) the adverb "well" might have other connotations. You may find this other thread I came across useful: https://thegrammarexchange.inf...well-vs-is-sold-wellRead More...
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Last Reply By Gustavo, Co-Moderator · First Unread Post
New2 replies

preposition or infinitive

0 likes · 66 views
One reason to (move/moving ) to the city was that it provided a better education for the children. Are both OK? I am not sure whether <to moving> is okay or not.Read More...
GBLSU
Thank you. The reason I asked this question is that I saw a sentence using the pattern, <the reason to R-ing> on the net. I just wanted to make sure it is not grammatical.Read More...
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worked , has worked

0 likes · 171 views
Could you please help me choose the correct answer? If there is more than one correct answer, which ones? - My uncle (has worked - worked - had worked) as a sales manager for twenty years, but now he has his own business. Thank you.Read More...
ahmed_btm
Hi, Ahmed Imam Attia, ' Worked ' is the correct answer here. 'Has worked' doesn't work, because his working as a sales manager is not related to the present. 'Had worked' doesn't work either, because there is no second action in the past to relate it to.Read More...
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New3 replies

Prefix un- vs prefix in-

0 likes · 125 views
1- The opposite of expensive is unexpensive because the prefix un- can be used to form the opposite of any adjective. 2- The opposite of expensive is inexpensive because the prefix in- is used to form the opposite of adjectives with latin roots. Which statement is more accurate? This was a very controversial question in the Libyan Secondary Leaving Exam. I believe the second statement is the right one, but my teacher said the first one is the correct one. Thank you in advance!Read More...
Boroj Nouri
Thank you David! Hi ahmed! Hmmm that's interesting. I will check it right now. Thank you for your response!Read More...
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that puppy

0 likes · 37 views
1) He was holding that puppy of my dog which I had given to him. 2) He was holding the puppy of my dog which I had given to him. 3) He was holding my dog's puppy which I had given to him. Are all grammatical and do they mean the same? 4) He was holding the puppy of the rescue dog which I had given to him. 5) He was holding the puppy of a rescue dog which I had given to him. Had I given him the/a rescue dog or the puppy? Gratefully, NaviRead More...
Posted
New1 reply

Affects or is affecting.

0 likes · 43 views
Hi, When reading about the effects of global warming in different sources I have seen both "the climate crisis is affecting" and "the climate crisis affects" being used. Is there a difference in meaning between these two in this context or can both be used interchangably? Thanks.Read More...
Gustavo, Co-Moderator
Hi, EngTeach, Both forms are correct. Next time please include complete sentences. The continuous form stresses the current effect of global warming, that is, what is happening now. The simple form states a scientific reality that always holds true.Read More...
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Last Reply By Gustavo, Co-Moderator · First Unread Post
New1 reply

Past continuous or Simple past?

0 likes · 56 views
Foteini
Happy New Year !!!! i would like to ask you about an exercise that I have and I have to complete it using simple past and/ or past continuous when we …………… ( leave) school yesterday, it………………(start) raining. how should I answer? thank you in advance!!!!Read More...
ahmed_btm
Hi, Foteini, In the subordinate clause, you can use either ' were leaving ' (meaning 'I was inside school' or ' left ' (meaning 'I was outside the school gate). In the main clause, it is only ' started ' that works because you can't use ' was starting raining '.Read More...
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Last Reply By ahmed_btm · First Unread Post
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