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July 2021

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In and To

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1) As per an update from the UNICEF, over 60,000 babies are expected to be born in India on December 1, 2021 2) I was say to brother that we both are very fortunate to be born to my parents. In the first sentence after "to be" used "in" and second sentence after to be used "to" ! why? And what is the meaning "expected to be born" here? Why is that?Read More...
David, Moderator
I agree with Ahmed's comments above. Another way to phrase (2), which is both ungrammatical and unnatural as you wrote it, Grammar Man, is like this: (2a) I was telling my brother that he and I are very fortunate to have the parents we do.Read More...
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either form of “ID / IDs” to open ...

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Hello, everyone, Choose the suitable answer in following blank; “You can submit ________ form of ID to open your new account at the bank.” 1) both, 2) these, 3) some, 4) either While the answer is suggested as no.4) in my text book, I don’t think the suitable one is available in the above shown with following reasons – especially, we should treat the “Identification” as a countable noun in this context and also I think the one suitable ID would be enough to open our new account at the bank;...Read More...
deepcosmos
Thanks million, Gustavo, Anyone who has access to this website would feel they are really glad to have big help from you.Read More...
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Please help analyze the ''as-clause''

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“The yields on two-, three- and five-year Treasury bonds perked up as money markets began to price in the prospect that the Federal Reserve would raise interest rates in 2023.”[from The Economist ] I know that “that-clause” is a relative clause modifying "the prospect". Please help analyze the “as-clause”. 1.What does word “as” and “price” mean? 2.I can’t figure out the position of the the preposition “in”. Should it be “as money markets began to price in the prospect” or “as money markets...Read More...
David, Moderator
Hi, Sarah—"As" means "while" there. "In" means "in light of the."Read More...
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how to use ''as well as''

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To me, the usage of ''as well as'' is very complicated. ''As well as monitoring biodiversity, technology can also be deployed to protect it. ''[from The Economist ] I think the phrase ''as well as'' in above sentence act as a conjunction meaning ''in addition to'' . Can I rewrite it into the below sentence? ''Technology can be used in protecting biodiversity, as well as monitoring biodiversity.''Read More...
David, Moderator
I agree with Ahmed that the comma is unnecessary, but I recommend adding "in" before "monitoring" and changing "biodiversity" to "it": Technology can be used in protecting biodiversity(,) as well as in monitoring it.Read More...
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I was so listening!

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Hi! Could I ask you some questions about this sentence? (1) I was so listening! I found this sentence in Wonder , a novel by R. J. Palacio. Here is the context: "Not rude questions like that," said Charlotte. "Besides, he was born like that. That's what Mr. Tushman said. You just weren't listening." "I was so listening!" said Julian. I was wondering whether (1) is a progressive sentence. If so, it looks like the adverb "so" modifies the participle "listening." Then, I was wondering about the...Read More...
yasukotta
Thank you, David. Your information is very helpful!Read More...
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to step down

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What need to have "to" for "step down" in the sentence below? Haiti's acting prime minister Claude Joseph to step down amid power struggle after president's assassination. https://edition.cnn.com/2021/07/19/americas/haiti-acting-pm-claude-joseph-to-step-down-intl/index.htmlRead More...
David, Moderator
Hi, Joshua—I agree with Ahmed's answers. The word "is" is elided in the title of the newspaper title. The sentence you want to it to be is not the one that it is.Read More...
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has been doing vs had been doing

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''The banking trade body UK Finance, which issued the figures, said: “There has been a significant fall in cash use by consumers in a relatively short period of time. Since 2017, cash use had been declining by around 15% each year, so 2020 represented an acceleration.” '' [From The Guardian ] Please help explain why the author use "had been doing" rather than "has been doing"?Read More...
Sarah Zhou
Thanks Gustavo!Read More...
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..., beginning on March 23

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Hello, everyone, 1-1. Starting in the new year, the new policy bans cars in the city centre . I parse ‘ Starting in the new year ’ as a participle clause modifies the subject of the main clause and adds information about it, on which, I think, everyone will agree. However, when a participle clause is placed at the end of a sentence as follows, the analysis of the function of this clause seems to be very complicated and confusing to me. 2-1. A health warning will appear on all liquor bottle,...Read More...
deepcosmos
Hi, David, Really appreciate on your clarification and you deserve to be one of the most advanced grammarians.Read More...
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order of adjectives

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Hello. I have been reading in different references about the order of adjectives and I have found some differences. I would like you to help me with the following classes. Are these in the correct order? Are two or some of them one thing? Also, could you give an adjective as an example for every class? I need you help! 1- numbers 2- Opinion 3- Size 4- other qualities 5- shape 6- Age 7- Colour 8- Origin=Nationality 9- Material 10- Type 11- Purpose=use Thank you.Read More...
David, Moderator
Attributive adjectives are called coordinate when they are naturally separated by a comma from the other adjective or by the coordinating conjunction "and." (1) a long, convoluted question (= a question that is long and convoluted) Attributive adjectives are called cumulative when they modify the noun in a hierarchical fashion, one adjective modifying the remaining set of premodifiers. (2) a long personal question (= a personal question that is long)Read More...
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How to reply to a courteous act?

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If I am no longer in a queue and someone says "Is there anyone in line?", how do I express my gratitude to the act of courteousy without sounding pedantic? "I am not, thank you/much appreciated", does not sound right.Read More...
David, Moderator
Hi, May123—Normally, the question would be "Are you in line?," in which case a polite response would be "No, but thanks for asking." If the person is not speaking to you in asking "Is there anyone in line," you could respond "I'm not, but they are" or "I'm not any more. You can take my place." It depends on the situation and all the potential factors that you have not told us about here.Read More...
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repair the phone rapidly

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a. I told him to repair the phone rapidly if he wanted to do it. Does that mean 1. I told him to repair the phone rapidly if he wanted to repair the phone. or 2. I told him to repair the phone rapidly if he wanted to do so. (if he wanted to repair the phone rapidly) ? Many thanks.Read More...
David, Moderator
Hi, Azz—"Do it" in (a) can have either meaning—"repair the phone" or "repair the phone rapidly"—as can "do so" in (2). Context will make the difference.Read More...
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waht does ''while''mean in this sentence?

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'' While a string of businesses have temporarily or permanently gone card-only, some consumers have been avoiding touching banknotes and coins due to Covid transmission worries.''[from The Guardian ] In this sentence, the word ''while'' as a conjunction connect two independent sentence. I have checked the Cambridge dictionary for its definition - during the time that, or at the same time as - despite the fact that; although - compared with the fact that; but I can't figure out what does...Read More...
Gustavo, Co-Moderator
Hi, Sarah, "While" means "at the same time as" in the sentence above: Some businesses have gone card-only and, at the same time, some consumers have been avoiding contact with physical money.Read More...
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Can I remove the second 'partly because' from the sentence?

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The sentence below from The Economist has used partly because twice. Can I remove the second one because it has already used a coordinating conjunction ‘and’. "All this has yet to cool the market, however, partly because borrowing is so cheap and partly because the extra taxes may have induced potential sellers to take their properties off the market."Read More...
Sarah Zhou
I appreciate your help!Read More...
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How to change it into a partial inversion sentence.

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“ If there should be major dramatic change in infections , we may need to revisit this matter among ourselves, and we may need to consider the option of having no spectators in the venues,” the governor of Tokyo, Yuriko Koike , said." [From The Guardian ] Can I change it into a partial inversion sentence as below? “Should there be major dramatic change in infections, we may need ……,”Read More...
Sarah Zhou
Thank you Gustavo!Read More...
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Only

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1) Only you can manage to do it. 2) It is only a sting. Can you tell me whether 'only' is an adjective or an adverb in each sentence? what does each ' only' modify ? 'you' or the whole sentence? ' is ' or ' a sting ' Thanks in advance.Read More...
GBLSU
I didn't know 'you' is considered as a noun phrase. Thanks .Read More...
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Help me with your insight!

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The question below is one of TOEIC questions, and the suggested answer is "(D) or". But to me, (B) is more appropriate. Can you explain why (D) is the answer? Or if there is an more appropriate answer, please explain why it should be the answer. Many thanks! --------------------- Q. The cost of supplies must be factored into the estimate, ------ the improvement project may go over budget. (A) but (B) where (C) with (D) or ...Read More...
Mark Jang
Thanks for your kindness and expertise!Read More...
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Is it a partial inversion sentence?

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I initially don‘t understand the below sentence from The Economist . But after give myself pause for a thought, I think it is a partial inversion sentence. Can anyone tell me if I have understood it correctly? “Should Ms Wood’s funds fall from grace, as envious rivals predict, she is unlikely to fall hard herself.” Is equal to “If Ms Wood’s funds should fall from grace, as envious rivals predict, she is unlikely to fall hard herself.” Many thanks for your help！Read More...
Sarah Zhou
Then you have learned something new!Read More...
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Having had

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(1) After having had the house painted, we put it up for sale but then decided to stay. (1) After having the house painted, we put it up for sale. I assume the 1st sentence is that your house was painted by outsiders. 2nd sentence is we painted our own house. It was not painted by outsiders. Pl correct me, if I am wrong.Read More...
Former Member
Thank you David for a better understanding! 👍Read More...
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the, primary

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1. Why don't we add "the" before "next year's" in the sentence below? Examples, I used to write "One of the races, .........". 2. Is "primary" a verb or an adjective? 3. Can I replace "primary" with "want"? In one of next year's most consequential Senate races, the Republican primary to take on Democratic Sen. Mark Kelly of Arizona is turning on a question: Who won the 2020 presidential election? https://edition.cnn.com/2021/07/17/politics/2022-arizona-senate-race/index.htmlRead More...
Posted
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Having had

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"May be I am naive, but I have been always found it very curious that people have been able to write and sell books about me and to make money out of my name without having had so much as the courtesy to ask." In the above sentence, why did use "having had" here and what does it mean here? Thanks in advance !Read More...
David, Moderator
Hi, Grammar Man—Where does your quotation come from (see Guideline 4 )? It is filled with mistakes.Read More...
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Punctuation I

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How can we punctuate this sentence : Mr Ali my friend from Aswan Egypt will attend the conference.Read More...
David, Moderator
Hello, Emad—Here are a few ways you can punctuate that sentence: Mr. Ali, my friend from Aswan, Egypt, will attend the conference. Mr. Ali—my friend from Aswan, Egypt—will attend the conference. Mr. Ali (my friend from Aswan, Egypt) will attend the conference.Read More...
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TO BE

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"I always say to my brother that we both are very fortunate to be born to my parents." Dear Sir, In the above sentence " to be" means "....we both are very fortunate that we were born to my parents." Am I right?Read More...
Former Member
Oh Gosh! Finally I got one right!!! Miles to go..... but atleast I started the journey to learn English with Grammar Exchange. I will achieve my goal to have good command over the English language. Thank you, Thank you so much, Gustavo Sir. 😃Read More...
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Please help explain the full inversion sentence

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The sentence below is from The Economist . “Among their small but growing number is Li Xiaoyu of Peking University, who studies human-wolf conflict on the Tibetan plateau” I know it is a full inversion sentence afterchecking online, but I am still not understand the grammar part. It would be appreciated if any can help exlain.Read More...
Gustavo, Co-Moderator
Yes. However, the inverted version works better to connect with the previous sentence. “Wolf Totem” gave rise to many new stories about friendly wolves. “Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf”, an animated television cartoon, was a hit with children—and middle-class women. They fawned over Grey Wolf, an anti-hero and charming husband. “The Wolf that Fell for the Sheep” became a smash pop song. The novel also inspired some young people to work with actual wolves. Among their small but growing number...Read More...
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