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Over the period of [time]

Greeting admins, I'm a bit confused when referring to the changes of figures from 2000 to 2010 . Which one is grammatically correct here? 1. The graph illustrates the changes of figures over the period of 10 years. 2. The graph illustrates the change of figures over the period of 11 years. Thank you so much.Read More...
Hello, Moon Le—I strongly prefer (2) to (1), but do not find (1) outright incorrect. I recommend using one of the following variations instead of either sentence: 3. The graph illustrates figure changes over a 10-year period. 4. The graph illustrates how figures changed over a 10-year period.Read More...
Last Reply By David, Moderator · First Unread Post

I've known her since I've lived ...

Hi, Do Americans find the following odd? I 've known her since I 've lived on this street. I'd appreciate your help.Read More...
Hi, Ray—It's a little odd, but it isn't a grammatical disaster. We may infer that the speaker currently lives on this street and that the speaker began knowing her at some point in time after he started living on this street; otherwise, he ought to have used "since I started living on this street" or "since I moved here."Read More...
Last Reply By David, Moderator · First Unread Post

such that

Which are correct: 1) It was such a good show that everyone loved it. 2) It was a good show, such that everyone loved it. 3) It was a good show such that everyone loved it. Is there any difference in the meanings? I think '3' needs a comma. Gratefully, NaviRead More...

Simple present to express future?

Hello, Is it possible to use the simple present to show future? Speaker A: Do you have any plans for next weekend? Speaker B: No. I take an algebra test next weekend. Is Speaker B correct in formal grammar? Thank you.Read More...
Hello! "In your example, the present simple would be more likely if the verb 'have' were used instead of 'take': - I have an algebra test next weekend." Does this mean that there is some group of verbs that can be used in Present Simple for Future? We find out in " Understanding and Using English Grammar" by Betty S.Azar: The simple present can also be used to express future time in a sentence concerning events that are on a definite schedule or timetable. These sentences usually contain...Read More...
Last Reply By Kursevich · First Unread Post

Could be or should be

Speaking to native speakers …. a way of improving your fluency. a. should be b. could be c. should have been d. might be The guide says should be is the answer but I think could be also work to express possibilityRead More...
Hi, Salma Mohammad, It is well known that speaking to native speakers improves one's fluency, so, with no further context, ' s hould ' should work better than 'could' and 'might' here. It is used to say that we know something is probable (because it is logical or normal in the circumstances ). If there is more context that shows that the speaker is giving a solution to a problem, 'could & might' could work. In brief, there is more than one possible answer here.Read More...
Last Reply By ahmed_btm · First Unread Post

PARTICIPLE CLAUSES - different subject

Hello, Is the following sentence correct? ( knowing that in such sentences *the participle clauses* we need to have to same subject, as far as I know ...) - Seeing you haven't got much time, it might be better to do this tomorrow.Read More...
Hello, Meriem—While I agree with f6pafd that your sentence is acceptable, I do find it awkward. I recommend changing from "seeing you" either to the informal " seeing as how you" or to "given that you." Seeing as how you haven't got much time, it might be better to do this tomorrow. Given that you haven't got much time, it might be better to do this tomorrow.Read More...
Last Reply By David, Moderator · First Unread Post

employee, applicant

Hello. Could you please help me choose the correct answer? I think both are OK. - The best newly graduated (employee - applicant) will be chosen for the new position. Thank you.Read More...
Hello, Ahmed Imam Attia—Both answers are awkward but possible. Some employees will have recently graduated, and some applicants will have, too. I recommend saying this instead if you're not talking about an employee: "The best recent graduate who has applied will be chosen for the new position." I recommend saying this instead if you are talking about an employee: "The best recent graduate who is employed here will be chosen for the new position."Read More...
Last Reply By David, Moderator · First Unread Post

wish

Hello. Could you please help me choose? I think all choices are wrong, right - "My dearest wish is to be a pilot." This sentence is the same as: ......... a) I wish I had been a pilot. b) I should have been a pilot. c) I hoped I would be a pilot. d) I wish I could be a pilot. Thank you.Read More...
Hello, Ahmed Imam Attia—Yes, all of the answer choices are wrong: none of them means the same thing as "My dearest wish is to be a pilot." You could say: I wish to be a pilot. What I wish most dearly is to be a pilot.Read More...
Last Reply By David, Moderator · First Unread Post

tenses

Carla had not seen snow before coming to New York. Why we use Past Perfect in this situation instead of Present Perfect?Read More...
Hello, fromvn—You have not provided a situation. With the past simple ("Carla didn't see snow before coming to New York"), the sentence could be used in a situation in which Carla came to New York repeatedly, perhaps every year, and never saw snow before she did. With the past perfect ("Carla had not seen snow before coming to New York"), the sentence would naturally be used in a situation in which Carla came to New York at a certain time in the past, and had not, prior to that past time,...Read More...
Last Reply By David, Moderator · First Unread Post

The subjunctive _ with SHOULD

Hello, GE community, 👋 Could anyone explain to me why we add should subjunctive phrases, is it for more formality? I didn't grasp its role. 1 - They recommend that she should go to a ski resort in Spain. And is it right to answer these question as follow: A1- My supervisor said it would be a good idea for me to accept this new position. A2- My supervisor suggested that I should accept this new position. B1 - "He should fix it himself," I said. B2 - I suggested that he should fix it himself.Read More...
Hi, Meriem, Sorry for my late reply. I understand your first assumption, but I don't get what you mean by the second one. In the following part from 'The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language', page 998, I think you will find the answers that you want. [ 11 ] i They demanded [that he should be freed ] [should-mandative] ii She insists f that I should have told her ] . [non-mandative] iii they insisted [ that all murderers should be hanged ] . [ambiguous] iv They suggested / recommended [...Read More...
Last Reply By ahmed_btm · First Unread Post

Staggering process

Hello, Should I use "Staggered process" or "staggering process" for the sentence below. I am scheduling end of year checking with clients on a staggering process at the moment. I will endeavour to get to you asap.Read More...
Hi, Tony, No. Grammatically speaking, a staggering process is a process that is staggering. A staggered process is a process that is staggered. I think what you mean is an organized / arranged process, which goes with 'staggered', not staggering.Read More...
Last Reply By ahmed_btm · First Unread Post

Cleft sentences _ relative prounous

Hello, Is it possible to use who/that and which/that interchangeably in the following cleft sentences? ( I asking for both formal and informal situations) 1 - The thing which / that most people admire is Lady Gaga's dedication to art. 2 -The people who / tha t influenced her when she was growing up were Michael Jackson and Madonna. 🤔 As long as I know when the clause is an essential part of the sentence (definite clause) we can use both that/which or that/who interchangeably while for extra...Read More...
Hello, Meriem—I'm not sure why you have included the term "Cleft sentences" as part of the title of this thread; you have not asked about any cleft sentences. Examples (1) and (2) are simply sentences that contain a relative clause. You are right that, in restrictive (or essential) relative clauses, we can use "that" or "who(m)" interchangeably when the antecedent is human, and "that" or "which" interchangeably when the antecedent is nonhuman. Both of the options you have given in each of...Read More...
Last Reply By David, Moderator · First Unread Post

emotionally more appealing vs. more emotionally appealing

Hello, everyone!! I would like to know about the positioning of adverbs. In the following sentence, <Make the ads more emotionally appealing>, is it grammatically acceptable to say 'emotionally more appealing'? Is there any reference book that explains the word order that I'm dealing with now? Please help me out. Thank you!!!Read More...
Thank you so much for your input. A big help for me. Could you give me some time to think about the following? (A) make the animal characters appealing more emotionally" vs. (B) make the animal characters more emotionally appealing" ================================================ I would agree (B) is more natural, but syntactically, not semantically, isn't (A) also possible?Read More...
Last Reply By AVINO · First Unread Post

Future perfect continuous_ passive voice

Hello, Do you think the passive voice sentence is correct? it sounds odd to my ears. As a native speaker, what would you say instead? Active Voice: They will have been painting the house for six hours. Passive Voice: The house will have been being painted for six hours.Read More...
Yes, this is what my ESL teacher said. Thank you David.Read More...
Last Reply By Meriem · First Unread Post

tenses

I ________ (rewind) the rented video before I________ (return) it to the store yesterday. My answer for this sentence is "had rewinded-returned ".But the key I saw is rewinded-returned I don't know the reason why it was "rewinded" but not "had rewinded"Read More...
Hi, Fromvn, The past tense of 'rewind' is ' rewound '. I have never heard or used ' rewinded ' before. In your sentence, both 'rewound' and 'had rewound' are grammatically correct.Read More...
Last Reply By ahmed_btm · First Unread Post

Couldn’t/can't

Hello there, I found the following sentence from here. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/could 1- She must have made a mistake. It couldn’t be true. can I use cannot instead? Here are some more examples. 2- Sam: Oh Diane, have you heard? Marsha is pregnant with John's baby!" Diane: No! It can't/couldn't be true!" 3- John: Peter died last year in a car accident. Me: What!! It couldn't/can't be true.Read More...
Hi, Subhajit—I agree with Ahmed that "can" works well in your examples. "Couldn't" does not. We would normally use "that couldn't be true" when referring to the past—e.g., "He said that he was there, but I knew that that couldn't be true: he was calling from a different location."Read More...
Last Reply By David, Moderator · First Unread Post

Why exactly is a comma useful here?

Compare the two below sentences. Why is the bold comma useful? I'm assuming that it is useful; it seems to improve things...it's as though it reduces ambiguity or improves readability or something. I'm just not sure why it helps. (1) In the interview Bob says—this is my transcription—about World War 2: A, B, and C. (2) In the inter view, Bo b says—this is my transcription—about World War 2: A, B, and C.Read More...
Hi, Andrew—I don't find (1) or (2) reader-friendly, and recommend (3) instead, which has the same number of words: (3) Bob says the following about World War 2 in the interview (I'm transcribing): A, B, and C.Read More...
Last Reply By David, Moderator · First Unread Post

Might have /could have

Hello, could you please tell me the difference between 'could have been' and 'might have been'? 1- I might have passed the exam but I didn't. 1a- I might have passed the exam but I didn't. Here is other examples : John: Peter didn't answer my call. Merry: he might have been/could have been busy. John: Merry, The door was open. The man outside might have stormed into the house. (Does it express doubt whether the man entered or not is unknown or does it mean it was possible for the man to...Read More...
Hi, Subhajit—I recommend using "may have V-ed" when it is possible that the situation did indeed come to pass, and "might have V-ed" and "could have V-ed" when the situation did not come to pass but there was nothing to prevent it.Read More...
Last Reply By David, Moderator · First Unread Post

a head on a pillow

It is among lines in a video clip. Two people went for a undateable, and the man said he himself got asperger, and the woman's a head on a pillow. Does it mean that the girl is too good for this man and the girl is so blind to urge for this man's love? And the man doesn't deserve her love? In my opinion, when somebody's head is on the pillow, he or she may be dreaming and unrealistic and what this person thinks may be too impulsive. Can anyone tell me whether I'm on the right track?Read More...
Hello, Bernie045, and welcome to the Grammar Exchange. Your question is unclear. Which video clip are you talking about? What is the precise quote? Do you perceive your question to be about English grammar?Read More...
Last Reply By David, Moderator · First Unread Post
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